Black fungus(zita resainzi: Auricularia auricula (L.ex Hook.) Underw), inozivikanwawo sehuni nzeve, huni moth, Dingyang, howa hwemuti, nzeve yehuni yakareruka, nzeve yehuni yakanaka uye nzeve yegore, is a saprophytic fungus inokura pahuni dzakaora. . Black fungus yakaita seshizha kana kuti inenge yakaita sango, ine mipendero yewavy, yakatetepa, 2 kusvika 6 cm yakafara, inenge 2 mm mukobvu, uye yakagadzika kune substrate ine pfupi lateral stalk kana chigadziko chakamanikana. Muchikamu chekutanga, yakapfava uye colloid, inonamira uye elastic, uyezve zvishoma cartilaginous. Mushure mekuomeswa, inoderera zvakasimba uye inova nhema, yakaoma uye brittle horny kusvika kune dehwe. Mucheto wekunze weshure une arc-shaped, yepepuru-brown kusvika kune yakasviba bhuruu-grey, uye zvishoma yakafukidzwa nevhudzi pfupi.
Nzvimbo dzinodziya dzeNortheast Asia, kunyanya kuchamhembe kweChina, ndidzo nzvimbo dzinogara mhuka dzesangoblack fungus. Munzvimbo dzakadzikama dzeNorth America neAustralia, fungus dema haiwanzowaniki uye inongowanikwa kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweAustralia. Elderberry uye oak inzvimbo dzinowanzogara kune dema fungus mumhepo inodziya yeEurope, asi nhamba yacho haiwanzo.
China ndiro guta rekuzvarwablack fungus. Nyika yeChinese yakaziva uye yakagadzira fungus dema kubva panguva yeShennong makore anopfuura 4,000 apfuura, ndokutanga kurima nekuidya. "Bhuku reRites" rinonyorawo kudyiwa kwefungus dema pamabiko eumambo. Maererano nekuongorora kwemazuva ano kwesayenzi, zvinyorwa zveprotein, mavitamini uye iron mune yakaomeswa fungus yakasviba zvakanyanya. Mapuroteni ayo ane zvakasiyana-siyana zveamino acids, kunyanya lysine uye leucine. Black fungus haisi chikafu chete, asiwo inogona kushandiswa sechinyakare Chinese mushonga. Icho chimwe chezvakakosha zvirimwa zvepakutanga zvinoumba chinyakare Chinese mushonga fungus. Iine mishonga yakawanda yemishonga yakadai sekuzadza qi neropa, kunyorovesa mapapu uye kubvisa chikosoro, nekumisa kubuda ropa.
Black fungusinorimwa pamatanda. Mushure mekubudirira kubudirira kwekurima kwekutsiva mukupera kwema1980, kurima kwekutsiva kwave nzira huru yekurima yeblack fungus.
Black fungusnzira yekurima Kurimwa kweBlack fungus kune yakanyatsoita maitiro, pakati pawo ayo makuru ari anotevera maficha:
Kusarudzwa uye kuvakwa kwemunda we nzeve
Pakusarudzwa kwemunda wenzeve, mamiriro makuru emhepo yakanaka uye chiedza chezuva, nyore kunyura nekudiridza, uye kuchengetedza kubva kune zvinosvibisa. Paunenge uchivaka munda wenzeve, zvakakosha kusarudza waya yesimbi yemubhedha, iyo inogona kuchengetedza zvigadzirwa, kuvandudza kufefetedza uye kutapurirana kwechiedza, uye inogona kushandiswazve. Kupfapfaidza kwemvura kunonyanya kuitwa nekurapwa kwepamusoro, izvo zvinogona kuita kuti mvura yekupfapfaidza iite yunifomu uye kuchengetedza zviwanikwa zvemvura. Midziyo yekupfapfaidza mvura inoda kurongeka munda usati wavakwa.
Kusanganisa zvinhu
Zvinhu zvinosanganiswa zve black fungus ndezvekusanganisa zvakaenzana zvinhu zvakakosha, calcium carbonate uye bran, uye wozogadzirisa zvinyorwa zvemvura kusvika pa50%.
Bagging
Iyo bhegi zvinhu yakaderera-kudzvanywa polyethylene zvinhu, ine yakatarwa ye14.7m×53cm×0.05cm. Iyo bhegi inoda kuve yakaoma zvakakwana pasina kunzwa yakapfava, uye panguva imwe chete, ive nechokwadi chekuti bhegi rega rega retsika yepakati rinenge 1.5kg.
Inoculation
Pamberi penhanho iyi, chidzitiro chetsika yakadururwa inoda kuderedzwa. Zvadaro, teerera kune disinfecting bhokisi inoculation. Nguva yekuuraya utachiona inofanira kudzorwa inopfuura hafu yeawa. Iyo inoculation tsono uye sleeve inofanira kucheneswa uye kuratidzwa nezuva, uye ipapo disinfected uye kukweshwa nedoro. Iyo dhizaini inogona kunyikwa mukati menguva mazana matatu ecarbendazim kwemaminitsi mashanu. Pashure pacho, inogona kuomeswa muzuva. Vashandi vekudzivirira vanofanira kushambidza maoko avo nedoro, uye vozoomesa mubhokisi rekudzivirira.
Kurima fungi
Mukukurablack fungus, iyi link yakakosha. Kutarisira fungus ndiyo kiyi yekurima dema fungus. Izvo zvinonyanya kudzora tembiricha mugreenhouse zvine musoro, iyo yakanangana nekupona kwe mycelium. Naizvozvo, kutonga kwakasimba kunofanirwa kutariswa, uye tembiricha inofanirwa kusangana neiyo chaiyo miyero. Nezvekuiswa kwe mycelium, howa matanda anofanira kuiswa mu "yakatwasuka" murwi mushure meinoculation. Nokuda kwekuiswa kwematanda matatu-maburi uye mana-gomba rimwe chete mushroom, zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti vanga racho rinoiswa kumusoro. Vanga remaviri-nzira inoculation rinoda kutarisana nemativi ese. Iyo stack inenge 7 layers yakakwirira. Pamusoro pepamusoro, teerera kune shading kurapwa kweinoculation port side kudzivirira mvura yero.
Nutritional composition
Black fungushaisi chete yakatsetseka uye inonaka, asiwo yakapfuma mune zvinovaka muviri. Inonakidzwa nemukurumbira we "nyama pakati pezvinomera" uye "mambo wezvinomera". Iyo inonyatsozivikanwa tonic. Maererano nekuongorora kwakakodzera uye kuongororwa, yega yega 100g yefungus nyowani ine 10.6g yeprotein, 0.2g yemafuta, 65.5g yemacarbohydrates, 7g ye cellulose, uye akawanda mavhitamini nemaminerari akadai sethiamine, riboflavin, niacin, carotene, calcium, phosphorus. , nesimbi. Pakati pavo, simbi ndiyo yakawanda kwazvo. Yese 100g yefungus nyowani ine 185mg yesimbi, iyo inodarika ka20 yakakwira kupfuura celery, iyo ine yakanyanya iron yemukati pakati pemiriwo yemashizha, uye inoda kusvika 7 yakakwira kupfuura chiropa chenguruve, iyo ine yakanyanya iron content pakati pezvikafu zvemhuka. Naizvozvo, inozivikanwa se "iron shasha" pakati pezvekudya. Mukuwedzera, puroteni yefungus yakasviba ine zvakasiyana-siyana zveamino acids, kusanganisira lysine, leucine uye mamwe amino acids anokosha emuviri wemunhu, ane kukosha kwehupenyu. Black fungus icolloid fungus, ine yakawanda yakawanda ye colloid, iyo ine yakanaka lubricating mhedzisiro pakudya kwemunhu, inogona kubvisa zvakasara zvekudya uye indigestible fibrous zvinhu mudumbu nemudumbu, uye ine kunyungudika pazvinhu zvekunze senge. zvisaririra zvehuni neguruva rejecha zvinodyiwa netsaona. Naizvozvo, ndiyo yekutanga sarudzo yehutano chikafu chekotoni spinners uye avo vanoita mumigodhi, huruva, uye kuchengetedzwa kwemigwagwa. Iyo phospholipids mune dema fungus kudya kwemasero ehuropi hwemunhu uye masero etsinga, uye inoshanda uye yakachipa yehuropi tonic kune vechidiki nevashandi vepfungwa.
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Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-19-2024