Howa nhema(zita resainzi: Auricularia auricula (L.ex Hook.) Underw), inozivikanwawo se wood ear, wood moth, Dingyang, tree mushroom, light wood ear, fine wood ear uye cloud ear, ifungus inokura pahuni dzakaora. ...
Nzvimbo dzine mamiriro ekunze ari pakati nepakati penyika dzekuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweAsia, kunyanya kuchamhembe kweChina, ndidzo nzvimbo huru dzemhuka dzesangohowa nhemaMunzvimbo dzine mamiriro ekunze eNorth America neAustralia, howa nhema hadziwanzowanikwe uye dzinowanikwa kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweAustralia chete. Elderberry neoak inzvimbo dzinowanikwa howa nhema muEurope ine mamiriro ekunze ekunze, asi huwandu hwacho hahuwanikwe zvakanyanya.
China ndiyo guta rekumusha kwehowa nhema. Rudzi rweChina rwakaziva uye rwakagadzira howa nhema kare kare munguva yeShennong makore anopfuura 4,000 apfuura, uye rwakatanga kurima nekudya. "Bhuku reMitambo" rinotaurawo nezvekudyiwa kwehowa nhema pamitambo yehumambo. Sekureva kwekuongorora kwesainzi yemazuva ano, huwandu hweprotein, mavhitamini nesimbi muhowa nhema dzakaomeswa hwakakwira zvikuru. Mapuroteni ayo ane akasiyana-siyana eamino acids, kunyanya lysine neleucine. Howa nhema haisi chikafu chete, asiwo inogona kushandiswa semushonga wechivanhu wechiChinese. Ndiyo imwe yemiti yakakosha yekutanga inoumba howa yechivanhu yechiChinese. Ine mhedzisiro yakawanda yekurapa senge kuzadza qi neropa, kunyorovesa mapapu uye kuderedza kukosora, uye kumisa kubuda ropa.
Howa nhemainorimwa pachivanhu pamatanda. Mushure mekubudirira kwekurima panzvimbo imwe chete mukupera kwema1980, kurima panzvimbo imwe chete kwave nzira huru yekurima howa nhema.
Howa nhemaMaitiro ekurima Kurima howa nhema kune maitiro chaiwo, pakati pawo makuru ndeaya anotevera:
Kusarudzwa uye kugadzirwa kwemunda wenzeve
Pakusarudza munda wenzeve, mamiriro makuru emhepo inofefetera zvakanaka uye chiedza chezuva, kuyerera kwemvura zviri nyore uye kudiridza, uye kuchengetedza kure nezvinhu zvinosvibisa. Pakugadzira munda wenzeve, zvakakosha kusarudza waya yesimbi yefuramu remubhedha, iyo inogona kuchengetedza zvinhu zvakagadziriswa, kuvandudza kufefetera uye kutapurirana kwechiedza, uye inogona kudzokororwa. Kupfapfaidza mvura kunonyanya kuitwa nekurapa pamusoro, izvo zvinogona kuita kuti mvura ifafaidze zvakafanana uye kuchengetedza mvura. Midziyo yekupfapfaidza mvura inofanira kurongwa munda usati wavakwa.
Kusanganisa zvinhu
Zvinhu zvinosanganisa fungus nhema zvinosanganisira kusanganisa zvakaenzana zvinhu zvikuru, calcium carbonate ne bran, wobva wagadzirisa huwandu hwemvura kusvika pa50%.
Kuisa mabhegi
Bhegi racho rine polyethylene ine simba shoma, ine chiyero che14.7m×53cm×0.05cm. Bhegi rinofanira kunge rakakora zvakakwana risinganzwe rakapfava, uye panguva imwe chete, iva nechokwadi chekuti bhegi rega rega rekushandisa pakurera rinorema anenge 1.5kg.
Kubaya
Pamberi pedanho iri, keteni remudura rinofanira kudzikiswa. Zvadaro, nyatsocherechedzai kupomba bhokisi rekubaiwa. Nguva yekubaiwa inofanira kudzorwa kweinopfuura hafu yeawa. Tsono yekubaya neruoko zvinofanira kucheneswa uye kupiswa nezuva, uye zvozobviswa mushonga wekubaiwa uye kukweshwa nedoro. Kusvuta kunogona kunyikwa mucarbendazim kanenge ka300 kwemaminitsi mashanu. Mushure meizvozvo, inogona kuomeswa muzuva. Vashandi vekubaya vanofanira kugeza maoko avo nedoro, vozoomesa mubhokisi rekubaya.
Kurima howa
Mukukurahowa nhema, iyi link inokosha. Kutarisirwa kwefungus ndiyo kiyi yekurima fungus nhema. Inonyanya kukosha pakudzora tembiricha mugreenhouse zvine musoro, izvo zvine chekuita nekupona kwe mycelium. Saka, kutarisirwa kwakasimba kunofanira kutariswa, uye tembiricha inofanira kusangana nezvinodiwa chaizvo. Nezvekuiswa kwe mycelium, matanda ehowa anofanira kuiswa mudura "rakatwasuka" mushure mekubayiwa. Pakubaiwa matanda ehowa rimwe chete rine maburi matatu uye maburi mana, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti vanga rakaiswa kumusoro. Vanga rekubaiwa mativi maviri rinofanira kutarisana nemativi ese. Murwi wacho wakareba nezvikamu zvinomwe. Pamusoro pedanda, teererai kurapwa kwemumvuri wedivi rekubaiwa jira kudzivirira mvura yero.
Kuumbwa kwezvinovaka muviri
Howa nhemaHaingori chete yakapfava uye inonaka, asiwo yakapfuma mukudya. Inozivikanwa se "nyama pakati pevanodya miriwo" uye "mambo wevanodya miriwo". I tonic inozivikanwa zvikuru. Sekureva kweongororo dzakakodzera uye ongororo, 100g yega yega yefungus nyowani ine 10.6g yeprotein, 0.2g yemafuta, 65.5g yemacarbohydrate, 7g yecellulose, uye mavitamini nemaminerari akawanda akadai sethiamine, riboflavin, niacin, carotene, calcium, phosphorus, uye iron. Pakati padzo, iron ndiyo yakawanda. 100g yega yega yefungus nyowani ine 185mg yesimbi, iyo yakakwira kanopfuura makumi maviri pane celery, iyo ine iron yakawanda pakati pemiriwo yemashizha, uye yakadarika ka7 pane chiropa chenguruve, iyo ine iron yakawanda pakati pezvokudya zvemhuka. Nokudaro, inozivikanwa se "iron champion" pakati pezvokudya. Pamusoro pezvo, protein yefungus nhema ine amino acids dzakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira lysine, leucine uye mamwe amino acids akakosha emuviri wemunhu, ane kukosha kwakanyanya kwehupenyu. Howa nhema ihowa yecolloid, ine huwandu hwakawanda hwecolloid, ine simba rakanaka rekunyorovesa pakugaya kwemunhu, inogona kubvisa chikafu chasara nezvinhu zvisingagayike mudumbu nemumatumbu, uye ine simba rekunyungudika pazvinhu zvekunze zvakaita sehuni neguruva rejecha zvinodyiwa netsaona. Nokudaro, ndiyo sarudzo yekutanga yechikafu chine hutano kune vanogadzira donje neavo vanoita basa rekuchera, guruva, uye kudzivirira migwagwa. Maphospholipid ari muhowa nhema zvinovaka muviri kumasero europi hwevanhu nemasero etsinga, uye itori yehuropi inoshanda uye isingadhuri kune vechidiki nevashandi vepfungwa.
Bata nesu:
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Webhu: https://www.yumartfood.com/
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-19-2024