Zvokudyamatanda maviri akafanana anoshandiswa pakudya. Dzakatanga kushandiswa kuChina ndokuzoendeswa kune dzimwe nzvimbo pasi rose. Chopsticks anoonekwa se quintessential utilities muChinese tsika uye ane mukurumbira we "Oriental Civilization.
Pazasi pane Zvinomwe zvinhu zvekuziva nezvechiChina chopsticks.
1.Zvimiti zvakagadzirwa rinhi?
Pamberi pekugadzirwa kwezvimiti, vanhu vokuChina vaishandisa maoko avo kudya. Vanhu vechiChinese vakatanga kushandisazvimitimakore anenge 3 000 apfuura muShang Dynasty (c.16th kusvika 11th century BC). Maererano ne "Records of the Grand Historian, mambo weZhou, mambo wekupedzisira weShang Dynasty atoshandisa zvimiti zvenyanga dzenzou. Pachikonzero ichi, China ine makore anopfuura 3 000 ezvakaitika kare. Munguva yePre-Qin nguva (pre-221). BC), zvimiti zvainzi "Jia", uye panguva yeQin (221-206 BC) naHan (206 BC-AD 220) Dynasties ivo vainzi "Zhu". Nekuti "Zhu" inofanana ne "stop" muchiChinese, iro izwi risingafadzi, vanhu vakatanga kuridaidza kuti "Kuai", zvichireva kuti "kutsanya" muchiChinese nhasi zita reChinese chopsticks.
2. Ndiani akatangazvimiti?
Zvinyorwa zvekushandisa chopstick zvakawanikwa mumabhuku akawanda akanyorwa asi hazvina humbowo hwechokwadi. Zvisinei, kune ngano dzakawanda pamusoro pekugadzirwa kwezvimiti. Mumwe anoti Jiang Ziya, nyanzvi yemauto echiChinese yekare akagadzira zvimiti mushure mekufemerwa neshiri yengano. Imwe ngano inoti Daji, mukadzi aidiwa namambo weZhou, akagadzira zvimiti zvekufadza mambo. Pane imwe ngano yokuti Yu Mukuru, mutongi ane mukurumbira muChina yekare, aishandisa tsotso kunhonga zvokudya zvinopisa kuti achengetedze nguva yokudzora mafashamo. Asi hapana nhoroondo chaiyoiyo yekuti ndiani akagadzirazvimiti; isu tinongoziva kuti mumwe munhu akangwara wekare wechiChinese akagadzira zvimiti.
3. Ndezvipizvimitiyakagadzirwa ne?
Zvimiti zvinogadzirwa kubva kune zvakawanda zvakasiyana zvinhu zvakaita seshenjere, huni, purasitiki, porcelain, sirivha, bhuronzi, nyanga dzenzou, jade, bhonzo nedombo.Bamboo chopsticksanonyanya kushandiswa muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva hweChinese.
4.Kushandisa seizvimiti?
Kushandisa matanda maviri matete kutora chikafu hakuna kuoma. Iwe unogona kuzviita chero bedzi iwe uchitora nguva yekudzidzira. Vazhinji vekune dzimwe nyika muChina vakagona kushandisa zvimiti sevanhu veko. Chinokosha pakushandisa zvimiti kuchengeta imwe chopstick iri pachinzvimbo uchitenderedza imwe kuti itore chikafu. Mushure mechinguva chekudzidzira kwemurwere, iwe unozoziva kudya nayezvimitinokukurumidza zvikuru.
5. Chopsticks etiquette
Zvokudyaanowanzobatwa neruoko rwerudyi asi zvinoenderana nekunyaradza kwako kana uri kuruboshwe. Kutamba nezvikwambo kunoonekwa setsika dzakaipa. Zvine hunhu uye zvine mufungo kunhonga chikafu chevakwegura nevana. Pakudya nevakuru, vanhu vechiChinese vanowanzorega vakuru vachinhonga zvitsotso pamberi pemumwe munhu. Kazhinji, mugamuchiri ane hanya achatamisa chimedu chechikafu kubva mundiro yokupakurira kuchiisa mundiro yomuenzi. Hazvina kunaka kutema zvimiti pamucheto wendiro yako, nekuti muChina yekare vapemhi vaiwanzoishandisa kukwezva kutarisa.
6. Uzivi hwezvimiti
Muzivi wechiChinese Confucius (551-479BC) akaraira vanhu kushandisazvimitipanzvimbo pemapanga, nokuti mapanga esimbi anoyeuchidza vanhu nezvombo zvinotonhora, izvo zvinoreva kuuraya nechisimba. Akakurudzira kurambidza mapanga patafura yekudyira uye kushandisa zvimiti.
7. Ko zvimiti zvakaunzwa kune dzimwe nyika rini?
Zvokudyayakaunzwa kune dzimwe nyika dzakawanda dzakavakidzana nekuda kwekureruka kwavo uye nyore.Zvokudyazvakapinzwa muKorea peninsula kubva kuChina muHan Dynasty ndokuwedzerwa kusvika peninsula yese munenge muna AD 600. Zvisungo zvakaunzwa muJapan nemumongi wechiBhudha ainzi Konghai anobva kuChina Tang Dynasty (618-907). Konghai akamboti panguva yebasa rake roumishinari "Avo vanoshandisa zvimiti vachaponeswa", uye naizvozvozvimitiyakapararira muJapan nguva pfupi yapfuura. Pashure pedzinza reMing (1368-1644) neQing (1644-1911), zvimiti zvakaunzwa zvishoma nezvishoma kuMalaysia, Singapore, nedzimwe nyika dzeSoutheast Asia.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-01-2024